First Aid: Shock

Shock can result from any serious injury.

• Symptoms include pale, cold, clammy skin; rapid pulse; shallow breathing; and fear in the victim.
• To treat shock:
  • Keep the victim lying on his or her back.
    • In some cases, shock victims improve by raising their feet 8–10 inches.
    • If the victim is having trouble breathing, raise the victim’s head and shoulders about 10 inches rather than raising the feet.
  • Maintain normal body temperature, and loosen any restrictive clothing.
  • Try to keep the victim calm and comfortable, and get medical help as quickly as possible.